
24/7 Slave Dev Maso is back for the next cruel game. That he is incredible horny today he was allowed to suffer with his cock for the mistress 4 long weeks in the chastity cage! Of course he is first of all "tenderly" teased, in the form of nasty whips on his aching balls and then the lady unpacks the stimulation current device.

Daisy Ducati enters your room looking like she's been up to no good. She knows she was supposed to save some slutty energy for you but she got a little sidetracked. Instead she met a hot stud down at the bar and fucked him. That's right, a total fucking stranger busted a big load into her pussy right before she came upstairs. And since you've really never been able to please her anyway you get to sit on the floor looking up at her on the couch touching herself and going on and on about how good of a fuck he was. Now, if you want to be a good boy and lick up all the cum out of her pussy, then maybe next time she'll find a cock for you to suck. You know that would make her happy. You see you're just a dirty little cuck for her to use and the only time you get to touch Daisy is when you're cleaning up her mess. She keeps stripping and telling you how much she likes seeing you on your hands and knees begging like a dog. She likes when you beg for it, begging for her cum filled pussy. She turns around and begins stripping off her panties. She spreads her pussy to show you that fat load he left for you. You sit and watch as his cum oozes out from deep within the walls of her cunt. She laughs at how pathetic you are as she starts to blow a glass toy with her mouth. Wrapping her lips around the glass dildo she gets it nice and wet just before plunging the toy into her cum filled hole. You could never make her feel this good and just sit and watch as she fucks herself while mocking your shrimp dick. Now she has a vibrator and is amplifying her orgasm, getting hotter and wetter, she fucks herself and pulls the dildo out right as her pussy pumps her squirt in your face. She cums over and over again squirting a big wet mess of her cum and the cum of that total stranger. Now, you clean it up.

This is scene is my Extremely Dark Shade where I Dominate Wolf. Wolf really wants to suck my big tits. But I will not allow too much of that as I am in control here. Wolf has to be my love slave so I tie him up. First some hot french kissing then some pulling of his nipples. I make Wolf wait before loosen his belt buckle and unzip his pants. It must of felt like eternity to him! Ok I wont make my love slave wait any longer because I do want his cock in me. Watch this great blow job I give Wolf as he is all tied up. Look at my ruby red lips as I suck his cock. Maybe you are hard now too. There is more however, plenty of fucking and sucking as well as a nice cum load all over my pretty face and tongue. He might be a wolf but Im a fucking Lion!

Master of kinky sex, Dr. Swallow, is at it again. This time with a very unusual set of implements! Dressed in only 7 inch ballet point heels, saran wrap and wrist cuffs, Sicilia submits to him as he suspends her from above and uses a delightful combination of clamps and clothespins to the nipples and tongue, a large vibrator bound to her clit, a truly remarkable suction device applied to her engorged clit, and a bit of loving bdsm play. After teasing and bringing her to several massive orgasms, he sits beneath her as she takes his cock into her pussy while still suspended from above for a dramatic happy ending.

The neighbors Monique Woods and Shona River don't get along very well. Today, redhead Shona teaches Monique a lesson after she finds her smoking a cigarette in the hallway. The green-eyed beauty can't stand cigarette smoke and drags that young chick into her apartment. While the blue-eyed beauty is on her knees, Shona chokes her and spanks her curvy ass. She bends forward and feeds that young babe her hard nipples before handcuffing her on the couch. She obviously wants some sort of thing to suck on in her mouth, so Shona replaces her cigarette with a vibrator. Within seconds, the horny lesbian crams her neighbor's asshole with that sex toy. With her beautiful legs spread wide apart, Monique's ass gets a hard penetration workout. For further humiliation, Shona strips the girl naked and wraps a mouth dildo around her head. The young babe penetrates her mistress with that strap-on dildo from behind and works her to a strong orgasm.

Kara has beaten all the girls on the US mat, all except one. The ref. Kara has finally captured Ariel X and now it's payback. Ariel X is bound in the locker room, fully exposed for Kara to do whatever she wishes. Kara does brutal belly punching, leg punching and face slapping. Then she face sits Ariel. She moves her into doggy and spanks her ass until it is bright red. Kara face fucks Ariel with a strap-on, then fucks her pussy and her asshole. This is the first of many times these two are going to meet for submissive X


Secured to a Saint Andrews cross, in the bowels of the interrogation building. An overpowering feeling of helplessness surrounded Vyxen. She knew she had to surrender to her interrogator, but it would not be willingly. What she didn't count on was the pleasure she would feel, as she succumbs to his manipulations and begs for more.

Lilith Luxe is perched on the edge of a chair in black sheer and strappy lingerie with her legs spread wide so that her thigh high boots frame her pussy like a bullseye. She sees you there, yes you, you disgusting little freak, and beckons you to come closer. She wants you to get on your knees and crawl towards her. She wants you to kneel before her the whole time you're in her presence. She knows you sit at your boring desk all day long just waiting for someone to tell you what to do. Well now you're gonna get it, so sit down and shut the fuck up because Lilith is ready to take over and control your every move. You can start by unbuckling your belt buckle, unbutton your pants, take your zipper down nice and slow and whip your dick out. "Let's see it," she giggles as she pets her pussy still trapped beneath her panties. "Oh show it to me," she leans in a little closer, "is that as far as it goes? Oh this isn't going to be hard at all." Unimpressed and yet strangely inspired by the small size of your cock Lilith declares that all you'll really need is one finger. She demonstrates on her tongue with her own finger licking and sucking it and telling you to rub the tip of your cock, but no you don't get to touch your dick just yet. Now take your other finger, get it nice and wet, and put it in your disgusting, puckering asshole. You see Lilith knows that everyone thinks you just a regular guy but they don't know what a little fucking whore you are. But she knows, she knows you're a disgusting little spank pig and that you even like feet. She teases you with her boots and begins to unzip her thigh high boots, the leather squeaking as they peel away from her luxurious long legs. And there, right in your face is the beautiful sweaty sole of her stocking clad foot. She tells you to start stroking your dick with one finger as she tears the stocking open releasing her pretty toes. She wiggles them in your face before doing the same to the other foot. Now she gives you permission to use two fingers on your cock while she thrusts two of her fingers in her mouth. "Why don't we do it together,'" she pulls her panties to the side, "I'll put two fingers in my delicious, hairy cunt." She spreads her dripping pussy and pushes her fingers deep inside over and over again. Are you ready for three?" She puts another finger in her mouth and then pushes all three into her pussy and begins to breath heavier as she fucks herself with you still on your knees. Now get those fingers on your cock and keep that finger moving in your asshole because she's about to let you have four fingers on your dick. She rubs the top of her foot to demonstrate just how she wants you to touch your cock. Rubbing her pussy again, pulls out a vibrator and starts vibing her clit. You see, her pleasure comes before yours every fucking time. And you, you're going to have to wait a long time to cum so go slow and make it worth it. Make it worth it, because after this you're going to have to pretend to be fucking normal again.

Sultry brunette Mistress Haley introduces Herself and belittles you directly before turning Her attention to dominating slave Spartacus. This 63 minute extravaganza in Femdom fun has Mistress Haley loosening up slave spartacus's asshole after hoisting his arms back and tying off his balls. She takes him from behind with Her strap-on after some corporeal punishment and then slips into a latex outfit with Her big natural boobs sticking out obscenely and face sits and fucks him to orgasm.Gorgeous brunette Mistress Haley flaunts Her body in your face and talks directly to you in a hot POV intro. Next, She has slave Spartacus by the balls and is tying them down to a brick before picking up the violet and testing his reaction to some electrical current in his cock head. She laughs and then winches him over to stick an inflatable butt plug into his backside. She pumps him up and smiles deliciously as his ass is stretched.Slave Spartacus begs Her to smack his ass as the butt plug rubs furiously on his prostate. The corseted brunette happily obliges him and uses all Her strength to redden his butt cheeks. She sits in front of him to give him some respite and teases his cock with Her talented mouth. At full attention, he gets the nastiest of Her whips on his ass as he bends low and happily accepts his punishment from his Goddess.Mistress Haley switches out the harsh red whip for a bamboo cane and lays into the backside of slave Spartacus as She plays with Her pussy. The whipping and caning and his cries have made Her wet and She moves in front of him for some tongue service. Next, She has him imprisoned in the irons and lubes up his backside and give him a brief prostate massage. She slips on Her strap-on and goes to work from behind him. She drops Her top, revealing Her perfect natural breasts and they swing free as She buries Her rubber cock to the hilt in his ass.Mistress Haley finishes fucking slave spartacus' ass pussy with her strap-on and has him strapped down tight to the bondage chair. She removes Her wet panties and puts them into his mouth for him to suck clean. She threatens to castrate him if he does not service Her well and moves to sit heavily on his face. She pulls Her pussy lips open and commands him to feed on Her hole. He licks and sucks and She is still not happy so She puts nipple clamps on him and then turns to have him service Her succulent asshole with his tongue.Although slave Spartacus is staring to tire from all the abuse and tongue service, his cock stays hard as a rack. Mistress Haley orders up more ass worship and then turns to replenish his dry mouth with some of Her spit. She pulls on his nipple clamps and face sits him until he can take no more. She sucks sucks his cock hard after tying Her wet panties around his balls and sits on it, taking him deep inside Her pussy hole as he lays helpless beneath Her.Slave Spartacus is extremely tired and his cock is still hard. She wants to use him for Her sex slave but he must take some clothespins on his nuts before the brunette sadist and fuck him some more. Mistress Haley takes all of his hard cock and fucks him, pulling the clothespins off after She has orgasmed. She asks him if he is ready for Her pussy to milk him out and he is too exhausted to answer. She fucks him hard and he begs permission before She relents and Her pussy squeezes every last bit of juice from his swollen balls. She slowly dismounts and then drains the condom of his seed, making him consume his load that She has granted him.

Spend 39 minutes under Mistress January Seraph's spell and watch how excited She gets tormenting hot stud slave sebastian. Temperatures rise between these two right from the start as She give him a solid over the knee spanking, strips him of his clothes and shows Her rope skills, binding him and his eager cock and balls as well. He gets his cock bitten and watches January use the vibrator to please Herself to his moans of pain. He gets to taste Her glorius pussy and then is strung up and milked out into a glass cup.Mistress January is clearly pleased with hot stud slave sebastian. She immediately turns him over Her knee and spanks his bottom red. She strips him of all his clothes and shows Her rope skills, binding him and his eager cock and balls as well. His cock is whipped and his nipples clamped as he looks adoringly at January removing Her lacy bra to help him ease the pain. The tall dark haired sadist bites his nipples hard to remind him his place.A topless Mistress January gets enormous satisfaction biting sebastian's cock and listening to him whimper. She puts him to his back and focuses Her attention and the hard round slapper, on his bound balls. His big brown eyes and whimpers of pain have made Her extremely aroused. She moves over him and straddles his body. The vibrator She presses to Her pussy takes little time in making Her orgasm multiple times and scream loudly in ecstasy. She sits on his face and yanks his balls nearly off his body before putting him to his knees to lick Her wet pussy dry. Another few orgasms and She decides She would like to stomp on his cock to make him whimper again, but first he has to lick the bottom of Her shoes clean.Mistress January finishes stomping sebastian's cock and moves him to lick and kiss the shoes that inflicted the torment. She gets the heavy red whip and orders him to bend over the crate for an ass whipping. He is told to sit on his red ass and She attaches the cock pump to him and fastens some clothespins to his nipples. Removing the pump, She whips his cock and balls and then moves toward him with a strange silver contraption. He looks pleadingly at Her but his big eyes do not produce any mercy and She traps his cock in the vise and it snaps on a cord around his balls, making them very very tight. She plays with his bound balls for a bit as he whimpers in pain.Now with sebastian standing, Mistress January ties his balls tight and separates them, stringing them down to the O-ring in the floor. She sucks his cock stiff and then cruelly bites the tip, getting him to make the noises of pain that so turn Her on. She applies the vibrator to Her pussy after releasing his left hand and orders him to milk his cock out. She orgasms loudly which seems to make him want to cum badly and She stands and Her long, well manicured fingers stroke his torso. She moves the glass cup under his cock and he asks permission to cum. She grants his wish and he deposits his essence for Her into the glass. She then makes him taste himself as they lock eyes, knowing that She will always be superior.

Nordic blonde Mistress Ariel puts big slave david through his paces for 54 minutes. She torments and teases him relentlessly, stopping only to let him regain his composure and tongue Her wet pussy clean. Her interests concern first his big balls and then his cock as She builds him up to a draining finish.The big slave gazes up at Mistress Arielis bare pussy and feels Her high heeled boots on Her shoulders. She is cooly appraising him and his cock. She makes him lick the bottoms of Her boots briefly and then moves to his sit and focus Her attention on his bound balls. She begins to slap the back of his balls with Her well manicured hand and he starts to moan. She switches to a thin flat wooden stick and beats his balls over and over again until he starts to scream. She stands and moves over top of him then drops Her bare pussy down on his mouth and commands him to lick. After he worships for a bit and the pain in his balls settles, She moves again to torment the now swelling balls with a thin black rod.The black rod has caused his balls to swell further as She again moves over top of him and sits on his face for tongue service. He gets his composure back as he licks greedily at Her shaved pussy and then She moves back to his swollen balls and applies a vibrator directly to the back, presses hard and holds it until any pleasure has turned to pain. She reaches for the HEAT and rubs some of the irritating ointment all over his red swollen balls and then stretches them tight and ties them down.Now that his balls have been tormented and tied She focuses Her attention on his cock. She starts to slap the shaft with a nasty cock whip and gets the reaction She wants as he starts to moan. The ball gag She has put in his mouth stifles most of the screams as She slaps him continuously. She climbs on top of him to give him a teasing break and Her wet pussy presses down on his cock and She sways up and down on the shaft to keep it hard. She knows the more excited he is the more punishment She can take and his CBT session is far from over. She moves to pick up the violet wand and turns it up then grabs his cock and begins to electrocute the sensitive ridge on the head.Mistress Ariel casually lights a blue candle and locks the big slave's cock in a metal ring. She takes Her time and drips hot wax onto the head of his cock until it is coated. He is pinned to the table but tries a bit to twist away as the hot wax on his sensitive cock head scorches him. She moves again over his face and removes his ball gag so he can service Her pussy. Punishing him has made Her wet and She peels Her pussy lips wide so he can lick all the drippings up and swallow them down. She moves back to his cock and beats all the wax off the head with the flat wooden paddle as he screams.His cock is in agony from the beating and hot wax but She knows there is a load in his bound balls and is hell bent on extracting it. She applies the vibrator to the underside of his cock and Her well manicured fingers stroke him softly. She puts down the vibrator and Her skilled hands and finger tips dance around his cock and balls. He grows stiff under Her expert touch and She teases him a bit before grasping firmly and beginning to milk him. He begs Her for release and She grants his wish, stroking tightly as a huge load emerges from the tip of his tormented cock. She strokes until every bit of cum is drained from his tormented balls.

Mistress Alexis makes Her 63 minute debut as this newly minted Dominatrix takes great satisfaction from using slave sean for Her twisted pleasure. She loosens up his tight asshole with fingers, speculum and blow up plug and then has Her way for the first time fucking a man up the backside. Her enormous strap-on is buried as Her huge breasts jiggle. Her seemingly never ending legs then stroll up to sean fastened down tight and She proceeds to spit down his throat and utterly dominate him as She fucks him in strict bondage. Her talented mouth removes the load from his balls and deposits the whole thing back down his throat to finish his training.

Two bisexual submissives subject themselves to Mistress Tangent. She starts by seating Her gorgeous ass on the face of one so he acts as a human chair while She lashes up the cock of the other one. This one has huge balls and She enjoys squeezing and slapping them. Cock torment is Her specialty and She cannot resist the bursting balls. He holds the cock leash in his mouth as She applies Her brand of fun to his nuts. She produces a crop and spanks the shit out of swelling balls and then stands and knees and busts them. Happy now they are hurt, She moves Her human face cushion over to make him start sucking the thick cock.Mistress Tangent has the little pig sucking the big cock in front of him with his hands bound tight behind his back. She makes sure he is taking it way down his throat as She moves behind him with Her strap-on ready to go. She grabs his leash and impales him on Her hard black cock as his mouth is filled with dick. A nice hard pounding and then She moves along side of him to supervises his cock sucking, wanting to bring a load up out of the cock in his mouth. The stiffness of the big cock makes Her think why not have him fuck himself so She has him turn around and present his ass cheeks so he can drop down and take the cock up his ass while She gazes into the eyes of the big slave, making sure he stays stiff for the ass fucking the little one is taking. The little one is grinding away like a lap dancer who needs to pay the rent that day. She does not want the big one to cum too quickly so She attaches some nipple clamps to him.The little one is humping cock hard for Mistress Tangent, his locked chastised cock bobs up and down as he impales himself on the big one's cock. She thinks it is time for him to suck the hot load from the big swollen balls She has brutalized and orders him to dismount. He pulls his ass off the cock and services it while Mistress Tangent holds his leash. His eager mouth makes fast work and a hot load bubbles out of the stiff cock into his mouth as Mistress Tangent holds his head and Her gaze locks directly on the cum shooter. She makes sure he sucks every drop out of cum out of the big cock and then dismisses the now limp dicked big balled male and begins to fasten the little cock sucker down for a strap-on fucking.The little submissive, his mouth still tasting the cum from the load he sucked out a few minutes back, is spread and fucked. His tight little asshole is rocked by Mistress Tangent's strap-on as Her beautiful perfect natural pierced breasts bob in time with his moans. She tells him to start jacking himself off and keeps fucking him until his cock shoots a wad. She wipes up the cum with Her strap-on and has him lick it off.


Mistress Jade Indica in the second of Her sessions with slave kat. Here She focuses on the anal aspect of his training and milks him out in a 54 minute bed ridden adventure. Notable for his cock size and propensity to dress in tight latex, kat provides a good attitude and a big dick. Mistress Jade warms his ass up and then fucks him with Her strap-on. The drilldo gun is used to ream him out and then She concentrates on his cock and balls.

Jade Indica works up a sweat for 58 minutes as slave spartacus does his best to keep up the pace. He begins with his face in Her gyrating ass cheeks as She walks on the treadmill and ends up drinking his own cum from the clear bowl, having been milked out like a cow. In between, he is treated to Mistress Jade's exercise regime that involves lots of cock strikes, non-stop verbal humiliation, face sitting, face fucking and body worship.

Well well well...you've made to Mia Little's dungeon on time at least but she's not quite ready to accept you. Her approval is crucial as you are auditioning to be her slave. Can you manage to impress her? We're about to find out. To start, you're going to have to be completely naked and vulnerable. We know it's hard for you to hide your excitement now that you're totally bare for her and she wants you to get even more excited. Looking at her perfect pierced nipples underneath her sheer bra imagine that all the blood in your body is flowing to the head of your dick as you begin to stroke it for your Mistress Mia. That's right, touch that hard cock. Grip it, show us how tight you can squeeze it. Mia gives you permission to touch your balls. While you play with them she continues to instruct your dick stroking. Keep stroking that cock there's no room for shyness here. Mistress Mia wants a good little submissive to entertain her by masturbating...do you think you can handle that task? Can you squeeze your cock and then make your cock flap around? Because Mia wants to see what kind of tricks you can do. She needs you to perform and to prove to her that you are worth her valuable time and attention. Afterall, she's gone to great lengths to dress in her sexiest lingerie, complete with polka dot stockings. Do you think she's gotten all dolled up just to lounge around? Taking her whole body in from her legs to her beautiful tits you are still instructed to keep stroking. Do you think you are worthy of being in her presence? Stroke, stroke, stroke it. Now she has taken her amazing breasts out and is teasing her nipples. Her soft voice continues to seductively conjure your stroking. Making your dick nice and hard you keep attempting to entertain and please your Mistress. Only she can decide if your brand of jacking off will make her proud. She gives you a little more motivation by turning around and sticking her ass in your face. She pulls her panties to the side to show you her dripping pussy and tight asshole. After teasing you with her holes she slides her panties off turns around and shows you what an excited audience member she is. Taking a vibrator to her clit she begins to masturbate and squeal with pleasure. Don't stop stroking, Mia loves controlling your orgasms. While she cums hard she tells you to keep stroking your cock. Just because you got to watch her cum doesn't mean she's about to let you reach an orgasm. With her legs spread and her pussy in your face she finally gives you a countdown. Do you think you can impress her by showing her what a good performer you are?

Come over here you dirty little slut, you have been a bad girl and I'm going to teach you a fucking lesson! She has been such a bad, bad girl watch as I spank her, handcuff her and fuck the shit out of her with this huge pink cock! This is such a hot scene, I must say, I love the way it came out. Look at what I'm wearing, pretty hot ha? Watch me mistreat Aubrey and make her cum all in one set, this is a great one!

Come here slave and sit beneath Mistress Bella Rossi's lovely feet getting sweaty in her patent leather heels. Don't you just wish you could touch her as you gaze up at her stocking covered legs and her perfect body adorned with leather? She notices your cock getting harder and instructs you to pull it out because she wants to see what you're working with. Is your dick worthy of her presence even? She instructs you to touch herself as she teases you. She begins to touch her luscious big tits and pulls them out of her bra so you can see her beautiful nipples. Squeezing them together she knows you'd love nothing more than to slide your penis in between her breasts and tittyfuck them. Can you imagine what it would be like to have your breath cut off from being smothered by these big tits? You just want to play with your cock and cum but she's not going to let you get off that easy. Mistress owns your orgasms and she wants you to get off in a specific way and exactly when she tells you to. First you're going to have to stick your greasy, pathetic face into her ass. You're completely helpless beneath her asshhole and dripping pussy. You're going to have to bury your face deep into her cunt and then you can touch your cock. You're going to suffocate in that ass while she instructs you on how to jack off. She gives you a countdown of 10 and teases you the whole way. Don't think this is a fast countdown she's going to draw it out and edge you hard. Finally, you're allowed to blow your load all over the floor and then she makes you lick up your own cum when you're done. That's a good little bitch.

Silly little man! You thought you were satisfying your Mistress Helena Locke, but it's time for a rude awakening. Helena begins by confronting all of your inadequacies. You can't make her moan, you can't make her pussy wet, and you definitely can't fill it up. You are utterly worthless to her. So now, she's decided to demote you to her beta bitch and make you watch as she engages with another, wildly skilled, and equipped man. She doesn't stop berating you while she slowly strokes the rock hard big cock that is revealed in front of you. She goes on and on about how this real man is going to make her beg for more (something you've never been able to do) and how he's going to make her pussy so wet, unlike you. You can't make Helena cum and as punishment you're going to have to please yourself from now on. You're going to sit in the corner and watch as this real man fucks her till she's screaming and cumming all over his hard cock. Now that you know what a useless fuck you are, Helena has your full attention and drags her tongue slowly up the shaft of his dick. She stretches her mouth wide to be able to wrap her lips round his head and then slides his thick cock deep into her throat over and over again. She makes you stay on your knees and watch as his fingers rub her pussy lips, getting her warmed up to stick his thick dick deep inside her from behind. She moans with pleasure as he fucks her and you sit there like the pathetic worm you are and watch her cunt drip all over his pounding cock. Enjoy the view, because this is as close as you'll ever get to her pussy again. If only you had been able to please her. She instructs you to stroke your own sad excuse for a cock while she gets plowed over and over again, the sound of her ass slapping his muscular thighs. Don't even think of cumming until she tells you to. You have only one use left and that is to do whatever she says. She moans as he fucks her harder and harder and then he plunges his dick deep inside her pussy as they both cum. Finally, you little cuck, it's your job to clean her dripping creampie before you're allowed to orgasm. How does it feel to watch this other man's jizz ooze out of her beautiful cunt?


To his total humiliation,another mistress and a slave enter the dungeon and start to launch a very sadistic gameon his genitals. After that, he is totally hosed up, so that he can only breathe through a small holein the mask with a hose that is connected to a container filled up with the divine Pee of Lady Isis.

The rubber object is completely helpless, bound on a very nasty, massive punishment chair.Wearing a latex mask he is totally deprived of his senses, and the rear entrance is alsoplugged with large ball plug. For the amusement of Lady Isis, he has been locked for over 3 weeksin a chastity device and the pressure on his balls is extremely powerful. He would acceptany suffering from his rubber goddess in order to be released today.

The Mistress wants to use her slave as a sex toy. After using him as an ashtray, she makes him kiss and lick her arse, before putting his tongue to work on her pussy. She twists, pulls and claws at his balls and spits directly into his mouth in disgust at him. She's left frustrated by his poor performance, so she then decides to fuck him long and hard whilst he's bondage wrapped and getting a brutally hard face slapping.

Today's lessons are about sensation and obedience. The sensation of numerous implements hitting Jade's taut body. Her skin ripples with every strike, turning a beautiful shade of red. Whimpers escape from her lips. She casts her eye's downward. Yet her excitement builds, she feels the moisture between her legs. "Make yourself cum", her Master demands, and she willingly obliges...
